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   <TITLE>Al Walaa' wa'l Baraa' - JIHAD: An Overview</TITLE>
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<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000"><FONT SIZE=+3>JIHAD&nbsp; - An Overview</FONT></FONT></I></B></CENTER>

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<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>Definition of Jihad</FONT></FONT></I></B></CENTER>

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<B><I>- Lexically:</I></B> Jihad is the exertion of one's <I>utmost</I>
effort in order to attain a goal or to repel something detestable.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><FONT COLOR="#990000">The {\it <I>mujaahid</I>} is the one
who strives against his self.</FONT></B>"</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Ibn Hibban]</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P><B><I>- In the Sharee'ah:</I></B> Jihad comprises exertion of one's
utmost effort to fight in order to raise the word of Allah <I><FONT COLOR="#000099">(Ta'aala)</FONT></I>,
and aiding in this fighting.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><FONT COLOR="#990000">Perform Jihad against the pagans with
your wealth,</FONT></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#990000">your selves and your tongues.</FONT></B>"</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Abu Dawud]</FONT></I></CENTER>

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<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>Aims of Jihad</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER>


<P><B><I>- Removing oppression and injustice:</I></B>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">What is the matter with you, that
you do not fight in the Path of Allah, and&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">(for the sake) of the oppressed from
among the men, women and children...</FONT></I></B>?"</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 4:75]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P><B><I>- Establishing justice, well-being and prosperity:</I></B>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">Had it not been for Allah's countering
some people by means of&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">others, the earth would surely have
become decadent.</FONT></I></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 2:251]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>

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<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">Verily, We sent our Messengers with
clear proofs, and We revealed&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">with them the Scripture and the Balance,
in order that mankind&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">might establish justice.</FONT></I></B>"</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 57:25]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P><B><I>- Removing barriers to the spread of Truth:</I></B>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">And fight them until there is no more
fitnah.</FONT></I></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 8:39]</FONT></I></CENTER>

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<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>Who performs Jihad?</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER>


<P>All adult, male, sane, and free Muslim men who are capable. <I><FONT SIZE=-1>(<B>Note:</B>
This is the general rule, however there are times of exception as will
be shown below - Insha' Allah)</FONT></I>&nbsp;
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<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>Against whom is Jihad performed?</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER>


<P><I><B>- Al Kufaar </B>(the Disbelievers)</I>&nbsp;

<P><I><B>- Rebels </B>(from amongst the Muslims)</I>&nbsp;

<P><I><B>- Brigands </B>(from amongst the Muslims)</I>&nbsp;
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<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>When is Jihad performed?</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER>


<P><B><I>- Combat of Quest (i.e. Offensive):&nbsp;</I></B>&nbsp;

<P>Communally obligatory, at <I>least</I> once a year. The <I>Khaleefah</I>
(Caliph) invites rulers of neighboring nations to accept Islam, or to enter
into the Islamic social order. If they resist, (and prevent their people
from receiving the Message of Islam), Jihad is performed to remove this
corrupt authority, but forcible conversion of the population is <I>not</I>
undertaken.&nbsp;

<P>But of course, this type of Jihad, which is Fard <I>kifaya</I> (<I>i.e.
if a sufficient number fulfill the obligation, the sin falls from the majority</I>)
is not possible at the present time as the Muslims do not possess an Islamic
state, which leads us on to the next form of Jihad...&nbsp;

<P><B><I>- Counteractive Combat (i.e. Defensive):&nbsp;</I></B>&nbsp;

<P>This form of Jihad becomes <I>immediately</I> obligatory when the enemy
attacks, or advances towards the Muslim lands.&nbsp;

<P>This type of Jihad is <I>absolutely</I> obligatory on <I><U>all</U></I>
Muslims, <I>including</I> women, it is Fard <I>'ayn, </I>i.e. every single
Muslim that is physically capable of fighting the <I>Kufaar</I>, <I><U>must</U></I>
go forward, and unlike the situation with Fard <I>kifaya </I><U>no</U>
amount of people will fulfill this Jihad - except that <B><I>ALL</I></B>
Muslims must go forward -<I> i.e.</I> the woman <I>without</I> the permission
of her husband and the son <I>without</I> the permission of his parents
- and this is so, even if the <I>Kufaar</I> conquer and possess only a
<I>hand-span</I> of Muslim land - <I>Alhamdulillaah</I>.&nbsp;
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<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#000099"><FONT SIZE=+2>Rules and regulations of
Jihad</FONT></FONT></B></CENTER>


<P><B><FONT COLOR="#990000"><FONT SIZE=+1>Six rules of Jihad:</FONT></FONT></B>&nbsp;

<P><B>1 -</B> Intention of the Jihad is for the sake of Allah <I><FONT COLOR="#000099">(Ta'aala)</FONT></I>,
<I>not</I> for the sake of wealth, goods, fame, glory or power.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><FONT COLOR="#990000">Whoever fights in order that the Word
of Allah should&nbsp;</FONT></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#990000">be highest, he is in the Path of Allah.</FONT></B>"</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi,&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>Ibn Majah, Ahmad]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P><B>2 -</B> Obedience to the Imam.&nbsp;

<P><B>3 - </B>Avoiding misappropriation (<I>ghulul</I>) of the booty.&nbsp;

<P><B>4 -</B> Respecting pledges of protection.&nbsp;

<P><B>5 -</B> Endurance under attack:&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><FONT COLOR="#990000">O Mankind! Do not wish for an encounter
with the enemy,&nbsp;</FONT></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#990000">and ask Allah for well-being, but when
you encounter them be <I>steadfast</I>.</FONT></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Bukhari, Muslim]</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P><B>6 - </B>Avoidance of corruption.&nbsp;

<P>The Jihad that is fought when the Muslims are under their own Islamic
State is intended to facilitate the spread of Islam, and so it is not permissible
to kill anyone who is not impeding the spread of the Religion. Thus,&nbsp;

<P>- People must be invited to Islam before they can be fought.&nbsp;

<P>- It is not permissible to <I>intentionally</I> kill non-combatants
(including <A HREF="File128.htm">women, children, old men and monks</A>)
unless they are conspirators.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">And fight, in the Path of Allah, those
who fight you,&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">and do not transgress limits.</FONT></I></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 2:190]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P>- It is not permissible to destroy property, kill animals, cut down
trees or burn dwellings, except in cases of necessity, in which case these
things may be done to the extent necessary to remove the barriers to <I>Da'wah</I>.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">And when he is in power, he strives
to cause wholesale corruption&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">in the land, and to destroy crops and
annihilate generations. And Allah&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></CENTER>

<CENTER><B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">does not love corruption.</FONT></I></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 2:205]&nbsp;</FONT></I></CENTER>


<P>- It is not permissible to plunder, nor to mutilate those killed.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><FONT COLOR="#990000">The Messenger of Allah forbade plundering
and mutilation.</FONT></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT COLOR="#000000"><FONT SIZE=-1>[Bukhari]&nbsp;</FONT></FONT></I></CENTER>


<P>- It is not permissible to continue fighting after the opposition has
surrendered.&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER>"<B><I><FONT COLOR="#990000">And if they incline towards peace
then incline (you also) towards it.</FONT></I></B>"&nbsp;</CENTER>

<CENTER><I><FONT SIZE=-1>[Qur'an, 8:61]</FONT></I></CENTER>

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